At a non-towered airport, what is the purpose of the segmented circle located on the airport surface?

Why →The segmented circle is a ground reference system placed where it is visible from the air. It provides a central location for traffic pattern indicators and wind and landing direction indicators, so an arriving pilot can determine the runway in use and the pattern direction. The traffic pattern indicators extending from it show whether each runway uses left or right traffic.

The trap →The segmented circle is not a survey marker or a parking area. Its whole function is to convey pattern and wind information to pilots who arrive without radio contact or published guidance.

Field note →The L-shaped traffic pattern indicators around the circle point in the direction turns are made. Reading them from the air tells a manned pilot the pattern, and tells a nearby remote pilot where that traffic will be.